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AbstractThere are manifold effects of magnesium in the human body. Especially important is its role in signal transmission, as a cofactor in enzymes, during muscle contraction and in stabilizing the resting membrane potential of the heart. The administration of magnesium is possible during preeclampsia and eclampsia, torsade de pointes, acute bronchial asthma and imminent premature delivery. Other indications might be in alcohol withdrawal, headache and migraine as well as cardiac dysrhythmia. Magnesium should be administered as a bolus with consecutive continuous infusion. An intramuscular dose is possible. Magnesium as a drug has a broad therapeutic range and is well tolerated, toxic side effects are rare. The attenuation of the patellar reflex can be an early sign of magnesium toxicity. Toxicity may include respiratory depression, somnolence and cardiac dysrhythmia. As an antidote the administration of calcium gluconate 10% and supportive neostigmine is possible.
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