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Various explants were compared for organogenesis and plant regeneration in soybean (Glycine max Merr.). Young cotyledons produced organogenic calli, from which adventitious buds and shoots were produced by culture in vitro. Flowering and pod development were observed on regenerated shoots even in vitro, but the recovery of plants was very inefficient. Histological studies revealed weak connections of the regenerated bud primordia with other differentiated tissues, which might be the main handicap to plant recovery in this culture system. Plant regeneration could also take place on the plumule of young embryo explants. The regeneration process started with the enlargement of the plumule followed by the production of adventitious buds. Adventitious buds regenerated much more readily from cotyledonary nodes and some from the plumules in mature embryo explants. An improved culture protocol for efficient plant regeneration in soybean by culturing explants from mature embryos and acclimatizing regenerated plantlets at the early stage is proposed.
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