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1. 1. The relationship between the rate of [1-14C] acetate incorporation into the fatty acids of renal papillary lipids and the acetate concentration in the medium has been measured. 2. 2. [1-14C] acetate was incorporated mainly into fatty acids of phospholipids and triacylglycerols. Only a few per cent of the radioactivity was found in the free fatty acid fraction. 3. 3. The major part of the [1-14C] acetate was found to be incorporated by a chain elongation of prevalent fatty acids. The major component of the polyunsaturated fatty acids in triacylglycerols and the major product of fatty acid synthesis from [1-14C] acetate in vitro was demonstrated by mass spectrometry to be docosa-7,10,13,16-tetraenoic acid. 4. 4. The radioactivity of docosa-7,10,13,16-tetraenoic acid accounted for 40% of total radioactivity in triacylglycerol fatty acids (lipid droplet fraction) and 20% of total radioactivity in membrane phospholipid fatty acids.
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